The museum has large collections, with around 250.000 objects, in the field of national history, arts, sculpting, painting, culture, traditional and artistic crafts, numismatics, ethnography, warfare, economy, the history of Slovaks living abroad and cultures outside. 

The castle hill has always played a dominant role. It was populated already in the late Stone Age, whereas its first known inhabitants were the Celts. They founded a fortified settlement here called ‘Oppidum’.

The castle was rebuilt in the 16th century by King Ferdinand and renovated in the 17th century, in Baroque style, when the castle became the seat of the hereditary provincial chief, Pálffy. During the 18th century, under the reign of Empress Maria Theresa, the castle was remodelled for her son-in-law Albert of Saxony and Tessen. He was a fervent art collector, whose collections  later moved to Vienna to become the present-day Albertina Gallery.

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